The vapour rises up to the reflux condenser, where it condenses. The solvent is heated to boiling point in the flask. A water-cooled reflux condenser is located above the Soxhlet extractor. This latex thimble acts as a membrane through which the base oil and the solvent can diffuse, while the solid components remain behind. The thimble is made from latex to prevent entrainment of the entire specimen. The Soxhlet extractor with the extraction thimble is placed on top of the flask. It is poured into a round-bottomed flask. Separation into solids and oil also enables a thorough analysis of the type of base oil used, including its composition (mineral or synthetic), viscosity (high or low), and additive content (EP additives, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors).Ī solvent such as n-pentane is used to extract the base oil from the fresh or used grease. After the oil has been separated from the soap, it is possible to draw conclusions about more than just the oil and thickener components of the grease. Lubricating greases usually consist of 70 to 90% oil The rest is a thickener based on a metallic soap such as a lithium, calcium, barium, aluminium or other soap, which acts like a sponge that holds the oil. However, with only minor modifications the apparatus he developed also does an excellent job of separating the base oil and thickener of a lubricating grease. The Soxhlet extractor takes its name from Professor Franz von Soxhlet (1848–1926), who originally used it to determine the fat content of dried foods.
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